Today's practical applications require an amplifier with high-performance specifications. Researchers have been trying to design small size transistors to get more performance. Reduce the scale of transistor sizes in operational amplifiers (op-amps) to obtain better values for the performance characteristics are important. The main objective of this study was to understand the relationship between the performance parameters of a fully differential amplifier and the channel length of the transistors. In this study, fully differential op-amp performance metrics were examined and contrasted with their channel lengths utilizing a common 1.8V power supply. The graphs were plotted using Python software. The outcome demonstrates that, as the transistor's channel length decreases, the gain and unity gain band width of the fully differential op-amp increase. This demonstrates how reducing the transistor's size allows for high amplification devices. There for to obtain amplified signal one cane use small size transistors. The totally differential op-amp's power dissipation and settling time are also decreased as the transistor's channel length is decreased. This shows that in order to create fully differential op-amps that operate for long periods of time, the transistor size needs to be decreased. Therefore in this work we can understand that to get an op-amp which operates better we must reduce their size as much as possible.
| Published in | American Journal of Physics and Applications (Volume 13, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12 |
| Page(s) | 9-13 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Transistor Channel Length, Python Software, Performance Parameters
Chanel length of transistor (µm) | Gain (dB) | unity gain band width (MHz) | Power Dissipation (mW) | Settling time (ns) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1.6 | 95 | 116 | 52 | 61.5 |
0.35 | 129 | 161 | 3.89 | 23.5 |
0.18 | 138.6 | 999 | 3.13 | 5.86 |
Op amps | Operational Amplifiers |
CMOS | Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor |
UGB | Unity Gain Bandwidth |
µm | Micrometer |
dB | Decibel |
mW | miliwatt |
| [1] | J. E. Pakaree and V. M. Srivastava, “Realization with fabrication of double-gate MOSFET based differential amplifier,” Microelectronics J., vol. 91, no. July, pp. 70–83, 2019, |
| [2] | H. Qiao, “Design of a CMOS Two-stage Fully Differential Operation Amplifier,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1449, no. 1, 2020, |
| [3] | P. E. Allen and D. R. Holberg, CMOS Analog Circuit Design. 2002. |
| [4] | S. Mahdi, D. Dideban, and H. Jassim, “Design and Optimization of 0.18μm CMOS Operational Amplifier for Use in High Frequencies Applications used Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) algorithm,” vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 39–50, 2021. |
| [5] | I. Y. AbuShawish and S. A. Mahmoud, “A programmable gain and bandwidth amplifier based on tunable UGBW rail-to-rail CMOS op-amps suitable for different bio-medical signal detection systems,” AEU - Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 141, no. June, p. 153952, 2021, |
| [6] | A. Ballo, A. D. Grasso, and S. Pennisi, “A 0 . 6 V Bulk-Driven Class-AB Two-Stage OTA with Non-Tailed Differential Pair,” 2023. |
| [7] | H. Faraji Baghtash, “A 0.4 V, body-driven, fully differential, tail-less OTA based on current push-pull,” Microelectronics J., vol. 99, no. March, p. 104768, 2020, |
| [8] | P. Jain and A. M. Joshi, “Low leakage and high CMRR CMOS differential amplifier for biomedical application,” Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process., vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 71–85, 2017, |
| [9] | A. Yadav, “Design of Two-Stage CMOS Op-Amp and Analyze the Effect of Scaling,” Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 647–654, 2012. |
| [10] | N. Arora, S. Malik, P. Singh, and N. B. Singh, “HIGH GAIN AND PHASE MARGIN CMOS OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER DESIGNS,” Int. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. Res., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 19–28, 2013. |
| [11] | G. Sharma*, S. Reddy, A. K. Bhardwaj, A. Rehalia, and A. K. Pandit, “Design of Low Power, High Gain Fully Differential Folded Cascode Operational Amplifier for Front End Read Out Circuits,” Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1802–1808, 2019, |
| [12] | A. Paul, J. Ramirez-Angulo, A. Di. Sanchez, A. J. Lopez-Martin, R. G. Carvajal, and F. X. Li, “Super-Gain-Boosted AB-AB Fully Differential Miller Op-Amp with 156dB Open-Loop Gain and 174MV/V MHZ pF/μW Figure of Merit in 130nm CMOS Technology,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 57603–57617, 2021, |
| [13] | S. A. Mahmoud and A. M. Soliman, “New CMOS fully differential difference transconductors and application to fully differential filters suitable for VLSI,” Microelectronics J., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 169–192, 1999, |
| [14] | P. M. Pinto, L. H. C. Ferreira, G. D. Colletta, and R. A. S. Braga, “A 0.25-V fifth-order Butterworth low-pass filter based on fully differential difference transconductance amplifier architecture,” Microelectronics J., vol. 92, no. June, p. 104606, 2019, |
| [15] | A. R. Ghorbani and M. B. Ghaznavi-Ghoushchi, “A Novel Fully Differential CMOS Class-E Power Amplifier with Higher Output Power and Efficiency for IoT Application,” Wirel. Pers. Commun., vol. 97, no. 2, pp. 3203–3213, 2017, |
| [16] | P. Das, S. K. Saw, and P. Meher, Design of differential amplifier using current mirror load in 90 nm CMOS technology, vol. 862. Springer Singapore, 2019. |
| [17] | S. Yewale and R. S. Gamad, “Analysis and design of high gain low power fully differential gain- boosted folded-cascode op-amp with settling time optimization,” Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 666–670, 2017. |
APA Style
Genzebu, T. M. (2025). Comparison of the Transistor Channel Length and Performance Parameters of a Fully Differential Operational Amplifier. American Journal of Physics and Applications, 13(1), 9-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12
ACS Style
Genzebu, T. M. Comparison of the Transistor Channel Length and Performance Parameters of a Fully Differential Operational Amplifier. Am. J. Phys. Appl. 2025, 13(1), 9-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12,
author = {Tsegaye Menberu Genzebu},
title = {Comparison of the Transistor Channel Length and Performance Parameters of a Fully Differential Operational Amplifier},
journal = {American Journal of Physics and Applications},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {9-13},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpa.20251301.12},
abstract = {Today's practical applications require an amplifier with high-performance specifications. Researchers have been trying to design small size transistors to get more performance. Reduce the scale of transistor sizes in operational amplifiers (op-amps) to obtain better values for the performance characteristics are important. The main objective of this study was to understand the relationship between the performance parameters of a fully differential amplifier and the channel length of the transistors. In this study, fully differential op-amp performance metrics were examined and contrasted with their channel lengths utilizing a common 1.8V power supply. The graphs were plotted using Python software. The outcome demonstrates that, as the transistor's channel length decreases, the gain and unity gain band width of the fully differential op-amp increase. This demonstrates how reducing the transistor's size allows for high amplification devices. There for to obtain amplified signal one cane use small size transistors. The totally differential op-amp's power dissipation and settling time are also decreased as the transistor's channel length is decreased. This shows that in order to create fully differential op-amps that operate for long periods of time, the transistor size needs to be decreased. Therefore in this work we can understand that to get an op-amp which operates better we must reduce their size as much as possible.},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the Transistor Channel Length and Performance Parameters of a Fully Differential Operational Amplifier AU - Tsegaye Menberu Genzebu Y1 - 2025/01/22 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12 T2 - American Journal of Physics and Applications JF - American Journal of Physics and Applications JO - American Journal of Physics and Applications SP - 9 EP - 13 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-4308 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20251301.12 AB - Today's practical applications require an amplifier with high-performance specifications. Researchers have been trying to design small size transistors to get more performance. Reduce the scale of transistor sizes in operational amplifiers (op-amps) to obtain better values for the performance characteristics are important. The main objective of this study was to understand the relationship between the performance parameters of a fully differential amplifier and the channel length of the transistors. In this study, fully differential op-amp performance metrics were examined and contrasted with their channel lengths utilizing a common 1.8V power supply. The graphs were plotted using Python software. The outcome demonstrates that, as the transistor's channel length decreases, the gain and unity gain band width of the fully differential op-amp increase. This demonstrates how reducing the transistor's size allows for high amplification devices. There for to obtain amplified signal one cane use small size transistors. The totally differential op-amp's power dissipation and settling time are also decreased as the transistor's channel length is decreased. This shows that in order to create fully differential op-amps that operate for long periods of time, the transistor size needs to be decreased. Therefore in this work we can understand that to get an op-amp which operates better we must reduce their size as much as possible. VL - 13 IS - 1 ER -
Department of Physics, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
Figure 1. a) Fully- differential amplifier b) Standard operational amplifier.
Figure 2. Gain versus channel Length of a fully differential op-amp.
Figure 3. Unity gain band width versus channel length of a fully differential op-amp.
Figure 4. Power Dissipation versus channel length of a fully differential op-amp.
Figure 5. Settling time versus channel length of a fully differential op-amp.
